Incidence of nosocomial infections in reanimation unit at the hospital of Constantine (Algeria)

Besma Harzallah; Borhane Samir Grama; Abir  Benabdelmalek; Ikram  Mekhloufi

doi:10.38150/sajeb.12(4).p557-566

Authors

Besma Harzallah Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Constantine 1, 325 Ain El Bey’s Road, Constantine 25017, Algeria.
Borhane Samir Grama Laboratory of Natural Substances, Biomolecules and Biotechnological Applications, University of Oum El Bouaghi, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria.
Abir Benabdelmalek Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Constantine 1, 325 Ain El Bey’s Road, Constantine 25017, Algeria.
Ikram Mekhloufi Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Constantine 1, 325 Ain El Bey’s Road, Constantine 25017, Algeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.12(4).p557-566

Keywords:

Nosocomial infections, Prospective study, Pathogens, Reanimation unit, Acinetobacter baumannii.

Abstract

Nosocomial infections (NI) are contracted at the level of a treatment facility after less than 48 hours from admitting the patients initiating health problems all over the world. The objective of this study was to measure the incidence of NI, identify microorganisms, and recognize the main factors related to the acquisition of NI in the reanimation unit (RU) at the hospital of Constantine in Algeria. This study is a longitudinal prospective descriptive survey started from January 23 to April 29, 2019. Among 50 patients included in the survey, six were found nosocomial infected with an incidence of 12% and density incidence of 22.8 NI/1000 days. The average age of patients infected is 54.5 years with a net predominance of women. Several infections have been highlighted with converged percentages, 34% of nosocomial pneumonia (NP), 33% of nosocomial urinary infections (NUI) and 33% of nosocomial septicemia (NS). The long stay of patients in the unit is the risk factor of the acquisition of NI in the RU in which the duration of hospitalization was 20.83 days. The microorganisms responsible for these infections are mainly: Acinetobacter baumannii as multiresistant bacteria (MRB) with a frequency of 34%, 22% each of extended spectrum beta-lactamase bacteria (ESBLB); Escherichia coli and Enterococcus sp. Candida albicans was the only isolated yeast with a percentage of 22%.