Study of the antioxidant and antidiabetic effect of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum L. roots

Abstract

Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) is a widely used plant in Algeria traditional medicine to treat painful diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of the Anacyclus pyrethrum L. roots (AP) in Westar Albino rats. In vitro antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The aqueous and ethanol root extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum at a concentration of 200 mg/kg was orally administered to streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The phytochemical study showed that the extraction yield of ethanol and aqueous extracts was estimated at 10% and 9.3%, respectively. In addition, the study showed that the roots of AP are rich in phenolic and flavonoids compounds. Whereas, the ethanolic extract includes more polyphenol than the aqueous one (10.077 μgEAG/mg and 9.106 μg EAG/mg, respectively). The pharmacological study showed that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts had an antioxidant activity of 4.84 mg/mL and 5.71mg /mL, respectively. The short and medium-term of glucose tolerance tests showed a significant reduction effect on diabetic rats for the ethanolic extract. The results also showed a significant decrease in blood sugar (1.72g /L ± 2.23), cholesterol (0.58 g/L ± 0.47), triglycerides (0.39 g/L ± 0.47), uric acid (15.33 g/L ± 7.59), urea (0.68 g/L ± 0.80), TGP(165.33 U/L ± 39.85), and TGO enzymes (167.66 U/L± 41.14). The results of this study revealed that the extract of AP root possesses a reduction capacity of the proportion of blood sugar, which justifies its use in traditional medicine in the treatment of diabetes.