A cost-effective set-up to demonstrate embryonic limb development in Aseel (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Abstract

Limb development during embryogenesis is a classical model used to study pattern formation. Experiments with biological model systems currently re-quire expensive equipment to maintain optimal conditions, an impractical option for low-scale studies. Currently popular ex-vivo methods lead to stunted embryonic limb development, a high infection and fatality rate. As an alternative, the presented paper uses a novel, cost-effective set up to study the developing chick embryo as a biological model in order to visualize Chondrogenesis alongwith formation of ossification centers and apoptotic events occurring in the limb bud of the developing embryo.This cup-in-cup model constructed using polystyrene cups is instrumental in observing the developing embryos and correlating them to Hamilton-Hamburger (HH) de-velopmental stages without exposing them to the outside environment and approaching a near perfect embryo survival rate. Anatomical events during skeleton development such as chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and apoptosis are studied using Alcian Blue, Alizarin Red and Nile Blue Sulphate staining protocols revealing successful formation and progression of ossification cen-ters and apoptotic regions in the limb bud. The chick embryo system is an excellent model that aids in understanding osteogenesis at both basic and clinical science level and enhance our knowledge about embryological devel-opment. The cup-in-cup system presented in this study proves to be a realis-tic addition to the subject of embryology and an ideal, sustainable experi-mental medium for low-scale research studies.